Qué significan los números del aceite
The numbers on motor oil bottles might seem like a random sequence of digits, but they hold significant information that can greatly impact the performance and longevity of your vehicle. Understanding what these numbers represent is crucial for making informed decisions about the type of oil to use for your car or motorcycle.
The most common format for motor oil numbers is the API (American Petroleum Institute) rating, which consists of two numbers separated by a slash. For example, “5W-30” is a common API rating. The first number, in this case “5W,” refers to the oil’s viscosity at low temperatures, while the second number, “30,” indicates its viscosity at high temperatures.
The “W” in the first number stands for “winter,” and it indicates the oil’s cold-weather performance. The lower the number, the better the oil flows at low temperatures. This is important for starting your engine in cold weather and ensuring that the oil can circulate through the engine’s components efficiently. The “5” in this example means that the oil has a lower viscosity than a standard 0W oil, making it more suitable for cold climates.
The second number, “30,” represents the oil’s viscosity at operating temperatures. Viscosity is a measure of a fluid’s resistance to flow, and a higher number indicates a thicker oil. In this case, a 30W oil has a higher viscosity than a 20W oil, providing better protection for the engine at high temperatures. It’s important to choose an oil with the appropriate viscosity for your vehicle and the conditions in which you drive.
The API rating also includes a letter that indicates the oil’s performance standards. For example, “SL” is the latest API rating for passenger cars and light trucks. Using an oil with a higher API rating ensures that it meets the latest industry standards for engine protection and performance.
In addition to the API rating, some oils may also have a star rating, which indicates their performance in severe-service conditions. For example, an oil with a “SM” rating is suitable for modern gasoline engines, while an “SN” rating is suitable for both gasoline and diesel engines.
Understanding the numbers on motor oil bottles is essential for maintaining your vehicle’s engine health. By choosing the right oil with the appropriate viscosity and API rating, you can ensure optimal performance, fuel efficiency, and longevity for your engine. So, the next time you’re at the auto parts store, take a moment to decipher those numbers and make an informed decision for your vehicle’s well-being.
