Do quotation marks go before or after a period? This is a common question among writers and students alike. The answer to this question is not as straightforward as it may seem, as it depends on the specific context and style guide being followed. Understanding when to place quotation marks in relation to a period is essential for maintaining clarity and consistency in written communication.
Quotation marks are used to indicate direct speech, quotations, or to highlight specific terms within a sentence. The placement of quotation marks in relation to a period can vary depending on the style guide being used. For instance, the Modern Language Association (MLA) style guide recommends placing the period inside the quotation marks when the quotation is a complete sentence. This means that if the quotation is followed by a period, the period should be placed after the closing quotation mark.
On the other hand, the American Psychological Association (APA) style guide suggests placing the period outside the quotation marks when the quotation is a complete sentence. In this case, the period comes after the closing quotation mark, and the quotation is followed by the next part of the sentence.
Here is an example to illustrate the difference between MLA and APA styles:
MLA style:
“I am going to the store,” she said. “I need milk and eggs.”
APA style:
“I am going to the store,” she said, “I need milk and eggs.”
In the MLA example, the period is placed inside the quotation marks because the quotation is a complete sentence. In the APA example, the period is placed outside the quotation marks because the quotation is followed by additional information.
It is important to note that when a quotation is part of a longer sentence, the placement of the period may vary depending on the style guide. For example, if the quotation is part of a sentence that starts with a verb, the period may be placed before the quotation marks:
MLA style:
“I am going to the store,” she said, because I need milk and eggs.
In this case, the period is placed before the quotation marks because the verb “said” is part of the main sentence.
In conclusion, the placement of quotation marks in relation to a period depends on the style guide being followed and the context of the quotation. It is crucial for writers and students to be familiar with the specific rules of their chosen style guide to ensure consistency and clarity in their written work. By understanding when to place quotation marks before or after a period, writers can effectively convey their intended message and maintain a professional tone in their writing.
