Which drugs make tinnitus worse?
Tinnitus, the perception of ringing, buzzing, or hissing sounds in one or both ears without an external source, can be a frustrating and distressing condition for those who suffer from it. While there are various factors that can contribute to the development of tinnitus, certain medications have been identified as potential triggers or exacerbators of the condition. Understanding which drugs make tinnitus worse is crucial for individuals who are already experiencing tinnitus or are at risk of developing it, as it can help them avoid or manage their symptoms more effectively.
Antibiotics and Anti-Inflammatory Drugs
One of the most common types of drugs that can make tinnitus worse are antibiotics and anti-inflammatory medications. While these drugs are often essential for treating infections and reducing inflammation, they can sometimes cause or worsen tinnitus. For example, aminoglycoside antibiotics, such as gentamicin and streptomycin, have been known to cause permanent hearing loss and tinnitus. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen and aspirin, can also contribute to tinnitus, particularly in high doses or with long-term use.
Antidepressants and Antipsychotics
Another group of medications that may exacerbate tinnitus is antidepressants and antipsychotics. Certain antidepressants, such as tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), have been associated with tinnitus as a side effect. Similarly, antipsychotic medications, particularly those from the phenothiazine class, can increase the risk of tinnitus development or worsening of existing symptoms.
Diuretics and Blood Pressure Medications
Diuretics, which are commonly prescribed to treat high blood pressure and edema, can also contribute to tinnitus. These medications help the body eliminate excess fluid by increasing urine production, but they can also cause changes in inner ear fluid balance, leading to tinnitus. Additionally, certain blood pressure medications, such as calcium channel blockers and beta-blockers, may exacerbate tinnitus symptoms in some individuals.
Other Medications and Substances
There are several other medications and substances that have been linked to tinnitus. These include:
– Chemotherapy drugs: Certain chemotherapy medications, such as cisplatin, can cause hearing loss and tinnitus as side effects.
– Opioids: Long-term use of opioids has been associated with tinnitus development or worsening of existing symptoms.
– Nicotine: Smoking or using nicotine products can increase the risk of tinnitus.
– Alcohol: Excessive alcohol consumption has been linked to tinnitus development or exacerbation of symptoms.
Conclusion
In conclusion, it is essential for individuals who are experiencing tinnitus or are at risk of developing the condition to be aware of which drugs make tinnitus worse. By discussing their medication history with their healthcare provider, they can work together to identify any potential triggers and make informed decisions about their treatment. In some cases, alternative medications or dosage adjustments may be necessary to minimize the risk of tinnitus exacerbation.
